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There is more than one type of water pollution. There are seven: Surface water pollution, oxygen depletion, groundwater pollution, nutrient pollution, microbiological pollution, suspended water pollution and chemical pollution. I will outline the effects of each
Surface water pollution is when things like rivers, lakes and oceans become polluted. This can happen in a number of ways. Surface water normally occurs because of one of the other types of pollution.
Oxygen depletion is exactly what it implies. It is when the available oxygen per animal / microbe becomes lower. This is harmful for aerobic respiring microorganisms (microorganisms that use oxygen when respiring, like humans) and allows anaerobic microorganisms (microorganisms that do not use oxygen when respiring, like yeast) to thrive. This is harmful because anaerobic microorganisms produce toxins, sulfides and ammonia which are harmful to the environment.
Groundwater pollution is when aquifers get damaged. Aquifers are a type of rock structure that contain drinking water, these are underground and are what humans use for much of the drinking water we consume. Since we need the drinking water from these sources we have to build wells to get to them. However, these wells allow chemicals to get to the groundwater, contaminating them and causing ground water pollution. Usually the chemicals that cause this type of pollution are pesticides since they are spread over the soil to help crops to grow.
Excess nutrients can cause pollution too. Since there are many types of plants in water, lakes and oceans, if nutrients spread on to fields to promote crop growth find their way in to water systems they can cause plants in water to grow too; and this is nutrient pollution. This has huge problems when the water has to be filtered as filters can clog. However, the extra plants means that oxygen depletion can also occur.
Microbiological pollution occurs when microorganisms are added, normally by accident to habitats. This is because many of them can contain diseases harmful to plants and animals. Diseases like cholera come from microorganisms in water and can seriously harm the populations of poorer countries as they do not filter water because there is not enough money to.
Chemical pollution is the most common form of pollution, and can be associated with almost all the other types of pollution. Chemical pollution happens when chemicals run off into water. Different chemicals have different effects. Metals and solvents are normally poisonous to aquatic life and can leave them infertile or dead. Pesticides are also poisonous, but can also make their way up the food chain to humans! Lastly, oil can cause massive problems (many of which you have likely seen on the news) it can leave birds unable to fly and even kill many forms of life.
There is more than one type of water pollution. There are seven: Surface water pollution, oxygen depletion, groundwater pollution, nutrient pollution, microbiological pollution, suspended water pollution and chemical pollution. I will outline the effects of each
Surface water pollution is when things like rivers, lakes and oceans become polluted. This can happen in a number of ways. Surface water normally occurs because of one of the other types of pollution.
Oxygen depletion is exactly what it implies. It is when the available oxygen per animal / microbe becomes lower. This is harmful for aerobic respiring microorganisms (microorganisms that use oxygen when respiring, like humans) and allows anaerobic microorganisms (microorganisms that do not use oxygen when respiring, like yeast) to thrive. This is harmful because anaerobic microorganisms produce toxins, sulfides and ammonia which are harmful to the environment.
Groundwater pollution is when aquifers get damaged. Aquifers are a type of rock structure that contain drinking water, these are underground and are what humans use for much of the drinking water we consume. Since we need the drinking water from these sources we have to build wells to get to them. However, these wells allow chemicals to get to the groundwater, contaminating them and causing ground water pollution. Usually the chemicals that cause this type of pollution are pesticides since they are spread over the soil to help crops to grow.
Excess nutrients can cause pollution too. Since there are many types of plants in water, lakes and oceans, if nutrients spread on to fields to promote crop growth find their way in to water systems they can cause plants in water to grow too; and this is nutrient pollution. This has huge problems when the water has to be filtered as filters can clog. However, the extra plants means that oxygen depletion can also occur.
Microbiological pollution occurs when microorganisms are added, normally by accident to habitats. This is because many of them can contain diseases harmful to plants and animals. Diseases like cholera come from microorganisms in water and can seriously harm the populations of poorer countries as they do not filter water because there is not enough money to.
Chemical pollution is the most common form of pollution, and can be associated with almost all the other types of pollution. Chemical pollution happens when chemicals run off into water. Different chemicals have different effects. Metals and solvents are normally poisonous to aquatic life and can leave them infertile or dead. Pesticides are also poisonous, but can also make their way up the food chain to humans! Lastly, oil can cause massive problems (many of which you have likely seen on the news) it can leave birds unable to fly and even kill many forms of life.
