How Does The Air Temperature Affect The Weather?

Air temperature affects the weather in a huge way as it affects the air’s ability to absorb water vapor. More water vapor in the air means the air can become warmer and this will ultimately cause weather conditions such as thunderstorms and hurricanes. The way in which cold and warm air interacts is what makes us get different weather conditions.
The thing that affects the heat of the air and the land is the sun.  The stronger the rays of the sun, the more heat there is in the air. As the air rises up into the atmosphere, its temperature will fall and this is what causes clouds. If more and more moisture is taken in by the clouds, this is what causes precipitation that can fall in the form of rain, sleet, snow or hail.
When cold and warm temperature masses meet, this is what causes different weather conditions. So for instance, when a cold air mass moves into a warm air mass the cold air will contract. This will then cause the cold air to become denser and heavier than the warm air so it is pushed out underneath the warm air. This type of activity is what causes conditions such as thunderstorms. The air will probably become cooler too as the sky begins to clear from the fronts moving on.
On the opposite side, when a warm air front moves into a cold one, this will cause the warm air to rise as it is not as dense or as heavy as the cold air. This may cause some form of precipitation which falls on the land as snow or rain.
There are also the occasions where the cold and warm air fronts remain stationary and do not move. As a result of this, there will probably be some precipitation and weak winds.

When we ask someone 'what is the weather like in your city?' it means that we are asking whether it is hot, cold, raining, humid, etc. Weather refers to the current state of atmosphere, which keeps changing according to the air temperature, wind, cloud, rain or snow.

The change in the weather takes place because of unequal heating of the atmosphere by the sun. As the sun rises and the sun's rays warm the earth's surface, it heats the air close to it. This makes the air temperature rise and the day becomes increasingly hot. So the amount of sunlight the surface receives will determine the hotness or coldness of the air, which in turn will decide the state of weather of any place.

As the earth is round, different parts of the earth receive varying degrees of sunlight. Unequal heating is also caused due to the tilt of earth. Rays in some places are slanting, e.g. in the polar region thus making this region very cold and in some places direct rays makes the temperature rise unbearably. This makes the weather very hot in this region e.g. the equator.

Land absorbs and loses heat more quickly as compared to water. Hence in summer, the weather near a sea or ocean is cooler than land and in winter the weather is colder on land than sea. The air temperature of any place is affected by wind, cloud, rain and snow and that determines the weather of the place.

Honestly the Air Temperature does not affect the weather because if it is 23 degrees F that does not mean that it will be say 42 degrees F tomorrow, because the sun constantly moving up and down which means that the suns rays are moving and heating up different places instead of one, thus making it warm one day and cold the next.

The fundamental cause of all weather is the unequal heating of the atmosphere by the sun's rays. This comes about because the atmosphere itself is transparent and absorbs very little energy directly from sunlight. The sun's rays go through to the earth's surface, where they are reflected or absorbed, in varying degrees. Water reflects more light, and land, especially dark-colored earth, absorbs more. If the surface absorbs a lot, it is warmed. If it reflects a lot, it remains cooler.

The equatorial regions receive more heat because the sun's rays hit vertically. In the polar regions, they strike obliquely, so the heat energy in an equal "bundle" of rays is spread over a larger area. Also, the snow cover at the poles reflects most of the sunlight. Consequently, it is colder at the poles. Temperature differences caused by this process, called "insolation," put in motion a chain of consequences that brings about the great variety in our weather.