Selective breeding was the practise done earlier for man to get the traits which they wanted from an organism. It was the long process and had some limitations. While genetic engineering is the same of having different traits but by the new technology advancementsand with no limitations, and can be done in few minutes.
Selective breeding is - artificial breeding - two species with the characteristics wanted by farmer being bred together - this process has to be repeated about 20 times.
Genetic modification (Genetic engineering) - the DNA with the charecteristics from one organism - multiplyed (you have to have more than one DNA other wise it will not work) then put into another organisms cells.
The simple answer of this question is this that selective breeding was an old method or process which take some months or even some years but genetic engineering is a new and most modern technology which can be done even in some minutes...
Selective breeding is another practice to improve domesticated animals and plants. We select for breeding those individuals who have characteristics of our choice. We keep on breeding and selecting individuals' generation after generation till either we are satisfied with the product or no further improvement can be done. Starting from a lean cow with very little milk, selective breeding was done in two directions.
1. more milk 2. more meat One group of cattle breeders ended with large size modern beef cow with meat enough for lots of kebabs, steaks and roasts, the other group ended with modern diary cow with lots of milk. Hybridization and selective breeding have indeed produced a large number of improved varieties of animals and plants like Neeli-Ravi Buffalo, Dhani ox Teddy goat, Rahu – Thaila carp etc. The process of selective breeding is a slower one.
Genetic engineering has no match with the selective breeding as it is a jet speed process. It depends on generations of bacteria that take just a few minutes or hours. Moreover, the diverse applications of genetic engineering like cloning, gene therapy, finger printing and gene libraries have absolutely no comparison. Selective breeding is out of fashion while the genetic engineering is the most modern.
Genetic engineering is to artificially alter a species genome and involves a whole host of technological processes. Sometimes this is referred to as genetic modification but it is better named engineering because it involves engineering processes by man. Selective breeding is also genetic modification but is reached by man being in charge of who breeds with who. But this can also dramatically alter a species. For example one only has to look at a yorkshire terrier and a great dane and if you did not know better you would class them as different species because their whole shapes are totally greatly different from the standard grey wolf shape of domesticated dogs. Yet they are the same species. These hugh alterations have been brought about by man , through strict breeding programmes. They breed "like with like "to keep the different breeds uniform or clonelike and each breed out of any species becomes partly genetically isolated to have say, a dalmation genome or a labrador genome but they are still concentrated parts of the dog genome. So pedigree dogs or whatever are man made through selective breeding also called artificial selection ( as against natural selection) BUT genetic engineering it the interference of a species genome by technological methods. Sometimes inserting genes into a species from a totally unrelated species. We do not know the outcome. It is playing God. . But then in another way so is selective breeding as the breeds would not arise naturally.
