Cell wall, cell membrane, chloroplasts, vacuole, cytoplasm and nucleus can be seen by the light microscope. Mitochondria can be seen in the animal cell, but you have to stain it to make it visible to the naked eye. Rest like ribosomes and golgi apparatus would need a powerful electron microscope for it to be seen and that is very costly, Using a light microscope, you can see organelles that are only 5 micrometers thick only. Get a microscope with a resolution of 200 nm.
Without using any stains, chloroplasts ( take a leaf from an aquatic plant called Elodea or Anarchis and not only will you see chloroplasts but they will also be moving) and chloroplasts (look in flower petals of the meat of a tomato) are very easily seen. Cilia (on live paramecium) and flagella (on a live Euglena) can be seen if you cut down on source of light
In order to see mitochondria (in celery stalks), chromosomes, chromatin, spindle (fibers), asters, you will need a stain or a dark field microscope.
Ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus would need an electron microscope.
Nucleus. Mitochondria and vacuoles can be seen easily under a light microscope which has resolution power 500X than a naked eye.However they appear just as darker regions under light microscope and for their detailed study electron microscope is used which has resolution power 250000X than naked eye.
