The term economics came from two Greek words 'oikos' and 'nemesis'. 'Oikos' means 'household' and 'nemesis' means 'management'. So, economics deals with the subject matter of household management. Economics is always considered as a social science where general people are really concerned with the problem of choice as the supply of most of the necessary, comfortable and luxury items are scarce in nature.
Modern economists are more concerned about four basic problems of economics. These are:
(a) what to produce
(b) how to produce
(c) how much to produce and
(d) for whom to produce.
All these problems are associated with the 'problem of choice'.
In a free market economy the basic problems are solved through price mechanism but in a socialist economy these problems are solved through government planning. Though this economic planning is very expensive to chalk out and execute, the socialists think that government should incur this expenditure for the sake of the general mass. Again in a mixed economic system both planning and market mechanism operates to reach at the solution. Here planning is made for public sector enterprises whereas market mechanisms are in force in private sector.
Modern economists are more concerned about four basic problems of economics. These are:
(a) what to produce
(b) how to produce
(c) how much to produce and
(d) for whom to produce.
All these problems are associated with the 'problem of choice'.
In a free market economy the basic problems are solved through price mechanism but in a socialist economy these problems are solved through government planning. Though this economic planning is very expensive to chalk out and execute, the socialists think that government should incur this expenditure for the sake of the general mass. Again in a mixed economic system both planning and market mechanism operates to reach at the solution. Here planning is made for public sector enterprises whereas market mechanisms are in force in private sector.