Yes. Because Latin is a "dead" language, there are no changes in it. Thus using it will always be understood.
Yes they will or they'd have to rewrite a bazillion text books and journals.
Probably.
It's one of the ways the "elites" separate themselves from the common people.
Just like lawyers have to make documents so complicated, you HAVE to hire a lawyer to understand them.
Probably---and here's why it makes sense to do so:
http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/Hidden-Taonga/Science-Ideas-and-Concepts/Naming-species