When we swallow, the soft palate closes off the nasal passages from the throat to prevent food from entering the nose and the epiglottis folds over the voice box to prevent food entering the windpipe. The food then slides into the esophagus and is swept towards the stomach with muscular contractions called peristaltic waves.
The oesophagus is about 25cm long and has 2 sphincters which open to allow food and liquids to pass through to the stomach. The lower or gastro-oesophageal sphincter is especially important in preventing reflux.
The oesophagus is about 25cm long and has 2 sphincters which open to allow food and liquids to pass through to the stomach. The lower or gastro-oesophageal sphincter is especially important in preventing reflux.