The 'Seven Ages of Man' is a reference to a monologue that appears in Act II Scene VII of William Shakespeare's pastoral comedy As You Like It, where the melancholy character of Jaques muses on what he considers to be the seven stages of a man's life.
The monologue has become one of the most quoted and well recognized pieces ever written by Shakespeare, with the opening "All the world's a stage" (the line by which this monologue is commonly known) enjoying theatrical infamy. Ironically, and despite the monologue being popularly quoted nowadays, within the context of the play Shakespeare casts doubt on the ideas expressed in the speech.
The Seven Ages
In the monologue, Jaques portrays a man's journey through life in the following seven stages:
• Infancy: Portrayed as hapless and vulnerable "Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms"
• Childhood: An image of a school boy, reluctant to go to school
• The Lover: In this stage, man is described as sighing a 'woeful ballad' to his mistress, like many of Shakespeare's young male characters- susceptible to being totally consumed by their feelings towards a love interest.
• The Soldier: It is in this age that man is portrayed as hot headed and quick into battle, fueled by regard for his reputation and seeking recognition at all costs.
• The Justice: This stage is portrayed as a respectable and dignified man, full of worldly wisdom and an appreciation for life's indulgences.
• Old age: This stage sees man veer towards a full circle, he begins to lose the dignity and characteristics that once defined him, and instead becomes more fragile and childlike until finally he reaches the last stage:
• Complete 'Childishness and mere oblivion', mental and physical decline, with the final line describing man as being: "Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything."