How Coenzymes Differ From Enzymes?

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How Coenzymes Differ From Enzymes?

2 Answers

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Answer 1

Coenzymes are diminutive molecules that carry chemical groups beginning one enzyme to a further. Some of these chemicals such as riboflavin, thiamine and folic acid are vitamins, this is when these compounds cannot be through in the body and have to be acquired commencing the go on a diet. The element groups carried comprise the hydride ion (H-) carried by NAD or NADP+, the acetyl group approved by coenzyme A, formyl, methenyl or methyl groups accepted by folic acid and the methyl collection passed by S-adenosylmethionine.

Since coenzymes are chemically distorted as a effect of enzyme action, it is useful to think coenzymes to be a special group of students of substrates, or second substrates, which are ordinary to many different enzymes. For instance, about 700 enzymes are recognized to use the coenzyme NADH.

Coenzymes are more frequently than not regenerated and their concentrations maintained at a unyielding height within the cell: for illustration, NADPH is regenerated from end to end the pentose phosphate pathway and S-adenosylmethionine by means of methionine adenosyltransferase.

Answer 2

Coenzymes are something quite different from enzymes. Enzymes are composed of proteins whereas the coenzymes are not. Enzymes are not degraded during activation whereas coenzymes are and therefore require a continual regeneration or renewal.
However, all this has again taken us far too into the biochemical jungle.

Let us live at that. There is however quit interesting story told about the coenzymes. Some substances are almost identical with such coenzyme components. Let's call them pseudo-coenzymes. They are so similar that they can be mistaken for the actual coenzymes and the body occasionally makes a mistake and lets these similar substances fit into the active site of the enzyme. The complete enzyme is therefore unable to perform its task and we become ill as a result of this built in error.

It is quit simple to poison rats in this way. A frequently employed rat and mouse poison contains the vegetable aromawarfin. Warfarin is readily mistaken in human and animal body for the coenzyme vitamin K which plays a decisive role in the production of enzymes essential for the blood coagulation. Thus if the body provided the with the warferin, it incorporates it into the enzymes in place of vitamin K meaning that several enzymes essential for blood clotting can no longer function. The blood is liquefied to such an extent that the rats and mice die of internal bleeding.
That is the bad thing for rats and mice, but the good thing for some patients who suffer from blood which is too thick, since they can be treated orally of by injection with medicaments containing small quantities of warfarin (coumarin) and the sticky blood becomes more liquid.