How Is Data Transmitted From One Location To Another?

In Serial transmission, bits are sent over a single wire individually. Whilst only one bit is sent at a time, high transfer rates are possible. This can be used over longer distances as a check digit or Parity bit can be sent along it easily.

In Parallel transmission Multiple wires are used and transmit bits simultaneously and is much faster than Serial transmission as one byte can be sent rather than one bit. This method is used internally within the computer, for example the internal buses, and sometimes externally for such things as printers, but there is more interference between many wires than between one.
The other concepts use dare.
Asynchronous transmission uses start and stop bits to signify the beginning and end of a transmission. This means that an 8 bit ASCII character would actually be transmitted using 10 bits e.g.: A "0100 0001" would become "1 0100 0001 0". The extra one (or zero depending on parity bit) at the start and end of the transmission tells the receiver first that a character is coming and secondly that the character has ended. This method of transmission is used when data is sent intermittently as opposed to in a solid stream. In the following example the start and stop bits are in bold. The start and stop bits must be of opposite polarity. This allows the receiver to recognize when the second packet of information is being sent.

Synchronous transmission uses no start and stop bits but instead synchronizes transmission speeds at both the receiving and sending end of the transmission using clock signals built into each component. A continual stream of data is then sent between the two nodes. Due to there being no start and stop bits the data transfer rate is quicker although more errors will occur, as the clocks will eventually get out of sync, and the receiving device would have the wrong time that had been agreed in protocol (computing) for sending/receiving data, so some bytes could become corrupted (by losing bits). Ways to get around this problem include re-synchronization of the clocks and use of check digits to ensure the byte is correctly interpreted and received.

Serial transfer of data from one computer to the other

The transfer of data from one place to another place is called data communication. Process of transferring data is sent electrically from one location to another. An important feature of electronic data communication is speed with which data transfer takes places.

Data can be transfer from one computer to another computer through electronic data communication. We can collect the news from all over the world with the help of computers. The computer located in same building can transfer data through networking for educational purposes to teach others. Data can also transfer from one computer to another computer located thousands of miles apart through telephone line or microwave transmission lines. Data communication is classified into two types; analog data transmission and digital data transmission.

In analog data transmission data is transfer in the form of analog signals or in form of continuous waves. Telephone is an example of analog data transmission. In digital data communication data is transfer in the form of digital signals or in the form of 0s and 1s. Data communication between computers is in the form of digital signals. A special type of electronic component called modem is used to convert digital signal to analog signals and also convert analog signals to digital signals.

For a successful data transmission we required the entities, which will share the data, a media and a protocol.

Protocol is a software which defines the rules and regulations that how data should be transmitted between two entities. The entities could be two computers or a computer or any other device (like printer, scanner, cell phone and etc.).

Media could be a wire (Untwisted Pair Cable, Fiber Optic, Telephone cable, Data Cable) or wireless (satellite, blue tooth, Infra Red, Radio Frequency).

To make communication possible we need to establish a link between the two devices using any media. Then by using any software (which uses required protocol) we can communication.

For example, we need to connect with internet then we need telephone line connected with modem (in case of dial up network). Then we use TCP/IP protocol to communicate between our computer and the Web Server.

If we need to communicate with any other device (like camera, cell phone, printer, scanner) then we need to connect that device with compute. The computer will also use any compatible device to communication with that device. Let's suppose, we want to transfer data to a cell phone. Then we need a blue tooth device or infra red device which will communicate will mobile and the data can be transmitted from mobile to computer and computer to mobile.