Robin Burden answered
The land-forms of the earth interact with the atmosphere in several ways. You only need to think about mountains as an example:
If a mountain is tall enough, it can affect the formation and distribution of rain, wind direction, and temperature.
How land-forms like mountains affect climate
Tall mountains can block sunlight from reaching large areas of land, due to the shadows that they cast. This can have a notable impact on climate.
The term 'orographic lifting' is used to describe the way mountains force air upwards - and the implications that this process has on climate are significant.
When air is pushed upwards by a landform, it begins cooling and saturating. This is the reason why one side of a mountain usually receives far more rain than the other.
The dry area that a mountain creates is often referred to as an example of the 'rainshadow effect', because rain is less frequent on land 'downwind' from a mountain.
Land-forms like mountain ranges also create breezes and wind-funnels, and these can have a direct impact on air pressure.
With wind rising and cooling between slopes and rises, this can cause a fluctuation between high and low air pressure that can impact the climate of an entire region.
If a mountain is tall enough, it can affect the formation and distribution of rain, wind direction, and temperature.
How land-forms like mountains affect climate
Tall mountains can block sunlight from reaching large areas of land, due to the shadows that they cast. This can have a notable impact on climate.
The term 'orographic lifting' is used to describe the way mountains force air upwards - and the implications that this process has on climate are significant.
When air is pushed upwards by a landform, it begins cooling and saturating. This is the reason why one side of a mountain usually receives far more rain than the other.
The dry area that a mountain creates is often referred to as an example of the 'rainshadow effect', because rain is less frequent on land 'downwind' from a mountain.
Land-forms like mountain ranges also create breezes and wind-funnels, and these can have a direct impact on air pressure.
With wind rising and cooling between slopes and rises, this can cause a fluctuation between high and low air pressure that can impact the climate of an entire region.